Case Report on Diffuse Large B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma with a Spontaneous Bowel Perforation

Background: Intestinal Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is an uncommon cause of acute abdominal pain. The main objective of the present case report is to share our experience with Diffuse Large B Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma with spontaneous bowel perforation in a setting of HIV. Method: Description of a Case Report Diffuse Large B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma with a spontaneous bowel perforation:  A 39-year-old female patient presented with a one-day history of acute abdomen. She is known retroviral disease reactive with CD4 count 534, Viral Load 131 on Antiretroviral Treatment-Fixed Dose Regimen duration of more than 5 years and was being treated for Peptic Ulcer Disease. Chest X-ray: showed pneumoperitoneum consistent with a perforation. A Laparotomy was performed and found a perforated Jejunum leaking small bowel contents. Resection and primary anastomosis were performed, and washout was done. Post-Operative condition was uneventful, and she was discharged four days after the operation. The resected portion was sent for histology, which showed perforation of the Jejunum secondary to a Diffuse Large B Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Conclusion: The diagnosis of Intestinal Lymphoma poses a diagnostic challenge for both developed and developing countries; however, coupling the risk factors with signs and symptoms can assist one in making a diagnosis. It is therefore important to always have a high index of suspicion, particularly for HIV patients with lymphadenopathy.

Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2023-05-01-05

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