Appendiceal Neoplasms: Diagnosis, Management and Follow-up

Appendiceal Neoplasms Mucocele Appendiceal Neuroendocrine Tumors Pseudomyxoma Peritonei.

Authors

  • Ana Pereira
    anamaria.fppereira@gmail.com
    Surgery Resident, Braga Hospital, 4710-243 Braga,, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1374-1372
  • Joaquim Costa Pereira Surgery Department, Coloproctology Unit, Braga Hospital, 4710-243 Braga,, Portugal
  • Sandra Martins 3) Surgery Department, Coloproctology Unit, Braga Hospital, 4710-243 Braga, Portugal; School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-070 Braga, Portugal. 4) Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS)/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory,4710-070 Braga/Guimarães,, Portugal

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Appendicectomy is one of the most performed surgical procedures. Neoplasms of the appendix are identified in approximately 1% of appendiceal specimens, and the incidence seems to be rising. The aim of this review was to summarize the current data on these neoplasms, focusing on the recent classification, clinical manifestations, management, and follow-up of such patients, which remain under debate. A literature search was performed using the database PubMed. The keywords used were related to appendiceal neoplasms, mucocele, pseudomyxoma peritonei and treatment. Records without abstracts, case reports, opinion articles and experimental studies were excluded. The appendix tumors can be classified between epithelial or nonepithelial. The epithelial variant is composed by mucinous neoplasms, nonmucinous adenocarcinoma, and signet ring cell tumors; instead, neuroendocrine tumors, lymphoma, and sarcoma are included in nonepithelial neoplasia. Goblet cell carcinoids share characteristics of both epithelial and nonepithelial tumors. The clinical presentation can be variable and the algorithm for evaluation and treatment is complex. Treatment is based on stage and histology. Our intention is to clarify some questions and help the surgeon in operative decisions, treatment strategies, and patient counseling.

 

Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0303-9

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